Farm pond followup

Put a cattle fence charger on wires surrounding it.
Also put up a video camera so we can also enjoy the fun.
The wet ground should make it very interesting.
 
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Water is very cloudy/turbid due to all the rain. It cleared up really nice last summer, hopefully it does again.
Clear water plays a big part in bass growth. They gotta see to hunt.

Water temp is at 59 degrees as of 3/31/18.
Cats are not taking feed yet, they want 70 degrees. Brim were feeding, but not aggressively.
I'm really looking forward to getting some use out of my new (to me) AquaPro feeder. The factory 12V 8ah battery was down to 12.2V at full charge so I replaced it with a new Duracell. It throws feed much better now.

I stocked this week:

50 LMB (F1 breed) 3"
50 channel cats 5"-8" (69 cents each)
50 channel cats 2"-3" (59 cents each)
50 hybrid crappie (non breeding) 2"-3"
800 fathead minnows
100 bluegill/Shell cracker mix 1"-2"

Last summer I stocked 25 LMB, 25 Channel cats and 2 lbs minnows.

What I have now is three generations of different sized catfish all mixed together. This should allow me to use catch & release practices to have several years of eating fish.
This year's stocking will very likely suffer 25% predation due to the smaller sizes.
That's ok, no way around it.

Airation has been running all winter @ 5 hrs per day. I just increased duration from 8am -6pm x7 days to fight the effects of spring stratification (turnover.)
Spring turnover often results in a partial fish kill, usually the largest fish, due to low dissolved oxygen when the top and bottom layers mix. Airation mixes the pond layers, effectively eliminating stratification.
 
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Water is flirting with 70 during this heatwave. I'm starting to see alge mats.

Based on all my research, spring and fall are typical times for alge blooms.

This is compounded by the fact that oxygen is now distributed throughout the water column by artificial aeration. The pond bottom has years of organic buildup that will decompose at an accelerated rate now that it has oxygen and warmer temps.
I have a suspicion that this summer is going to be stinky when all the bottom muck really starts percolating.
It's a necessary evil to get things healthy again.

High nutrients, rising water temps & abundant sunshine is a recipe for algae blooms.
The pic is not mine, but it's a good example of what I'm seeing.

I'm going to let it ride for awhile since aeration has completely changed this body of water. So much to learn.
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I would imagine your feeder is to blame for some algae. hungry fish eat algae.. fed fish produce extra fertilizer..= more algae for fish that are already fed
 
I would imagine your feeder is to blame for some algae. hungry fish eat algae.. fed fish produce extra fertilizer..= more algae for fish that are already fed

No feeding has occurred yet.
Water is still too cold.
I think small fry eat algae.
That said, most every farm pond I've seen gets algae blooms in the spring.
Several ways to treat it. I'm hoping the bloom will be minimal and take care of itself.
 
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I agree. the seasonal algal blooms are due to the increases in nutrients in the water. the blooms absorb the nitrates , it will help if you can pull out the excess algae before it chokes and dies back releasing the nutrients back into the water column.
and farm ponds are typically collecting fertilizer runoff

I used to use a similar (algae scrubber) process when keeping a coral reef aquarium to help reduce the nutrients in the water HTH
 
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Catfish took some feed yesterday, first time this year.
Water was at 66 degrees. They were sluggish, but obviously hungry.
Another week or two and I'll put the feeder on a daily schedule.
I hate to waste chow and they are not really devouring it yet.
 
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Fish are feeding like piranha!
Water is 72 - 75 during the day.
Still turbid, I'm sure aeration has added to keeping things stirred up.

Alge is still present but has stayed around the edges, it doesn't appear to be taking over the place.

Swapping out the 12V 8ah battery in the big feeder for a 12V DC 5 amp constant, 7 amp surge power supply this weekend. The little battery & panel are simply undersized for the location (not much direct sun.) Getting lots of false jam messages due to low torque.

I think the power supply will do a good job of providing full amps to the motors & less heat buildup.


motor specs x2:
1/35 Horsepower RPM 2942 @ 2 amps Draws 4½ amps at startup, 3 when running.)
 
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Going to swap the aerator over to 8pm-5am this weekend. Having it run during the heat of the day can lead to superheated water. The bass prefer the cooler water during the heat, so best to mix the water in the PM.
Additionally, warm water holds much less dissolved oxygen than cool.

Learned a new pond term today-
"Biomass"

Used in the calculation of fish load vs watershed vs environmental conditions etc.

Basically, 2 each, 20 lb grass carp is 40 lbs of biomass.
That biomass could also be used by 4 each, 10 lb Largemouth bass.

Pretty neat concept.
 
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Added a 12V DC CB/Ham radio style
power supply to the feeder today. The little battery and panel were not keeping up with the load.
Getting frequent false jam errors due to lack of amps = not enough torque on the motors to overcome the load. The panel was not getting enough sun, and moving it wasn't in the cards.
It runs great now. I put the power supply on a timer so it kicks on 5 mins before the feeder throws & shuts off after feeder finishes.
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A guy I used to work with built a small pier and installed what looked like an old bubble gum machine, but filled with what looked like dog food. When you walked across the pier you could see the swirls, and when the dog food hit the water......it was like a feeding frenzy. Love the setup, you are doing it first class!
 
Man, I can only wish for water that clear down here. I'm going to have to get some lime.

I purchased 30 6-8" and caught locally 5 14-16" LMB last week for my little pond. While hand feeding the new bass I saw our first otter, not real happy about that. Kinda explains why we don't have any large fish.
 
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Man, I can only wish for water that clear down here. I'm going to have to get some lime.

I purchased 30 6-8" and caught locally 5 14-16" LMB last week for my little pond. While hand feeding the new bass I saw our first otter, not real happy about that. Kinda explains why we don't have any large fish.

An otter will clean you out in record time.
You should try to trap it asap.
Are your bass feed trained?
That is a hard thing to accomplish but they will grow like crazy if you feed regularly.
 
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An otter will clean you out in record time.
You should try to trap it asap.
Are your bass feed trained?
That is a hard thing to accomplish but they will grow like crazy if you feed regularly.

Lived here a year, never seen them on our property and no evidence along he shore. Came out of the pond overflow pipe and was startled to see us sitting there, my boy and I sat for a couple of hours with an AR and a shotgun hoping it would appear again. Sucker was a solid 3' long not including the tail. I blocked off the drain pipe for now to at least take away the path of least resistance, he'll have to expose himself up over the driveway so at least the dogs have a chance (to get beat up by it). I am on the hunt for traps now.

The little hatchery ones are feed trained. They aren't eating much in the way of pellets right now but they are giving hell to the little sunfish and just about everything else that hits the water.
 
Lived here a year, never seen them on our property and no evidence along he shore. Came out of the pond overflow pipe and was startled to see us sitting there, my boy and I sat for a couple of hours with an AR and a shotgun hoping it would appear again. Sucker was a solid 3' long not including the tail. I blocked off the drain pipe for now to at least take away the path of least resistance, he'll have to expose himself up over the driveway so at least the dogs have a chance (to get beat up by it). I am on the hunt for traps now.

The little hatchery ones are feed trained. They aren't eating much in the way of pellets right now but they are giving hell to the little sunfish and just about everything else that hits the water.

What else is in the pond, fish wise?
Channel cats? Hybrid Crappie?
Both are good choices for smaller ponds, if kept at correct populations.
 
A metric crap-ton of sunfish, bluegill, crappie etc all <6", one or two hybrid crappie around 10" and a hand full of overgrown minnows that are around 6-9". No cats of any kind and no LMB previous to this stocking. No idea what has been in it in the past, no contact with previous owner.

I have water quality concerns with cats stirring crap up in a pond this small, would love to have some though. Lots of decomposing leaves and years of neglect, going to take a while to get it fully into shape and it will always be a delicate balance because of it's size.
 
Lived here a year, never seen them on our property and no evidence along he shore. Came out of the pond overflow pipe and was startled to see us sitting there, my boy and I sat for a couple of hours with an AR and a shotgun hoping it would appear again. Sucker was a solid 3' long not including the tail. I blocked off the drain pipe for now to at least take away the path of least resistance, he'll have to expose himself up over the driveway so at least the dogs have a chance (to get beat up by it). I am on the hunt for traps now.

The little hatchery ones are feed trained. They aren't eating much in the way of pellets right now but they are giving hell to the little sunfish and just about everything else that hits the water.
Minntrapprod.com for all your trapping needs
 
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Thinking about attempting to build something similar to this for dragging / dredging the pond bottom. The layer of dead leaves, pine needles and and sticks is alarmingly thick.
I think I could use a rope and toss it out, then drag it back with some help from my ATV. I would really like to speed up the organic material removal or decomposition.


https://www.thepondguy.com/product/jenlis-weed-raker
jenlis_weed_raker_feature_image.jpg jenlis_weed_raker_feature_image.jpg
 
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Thinking about attempting to build something similar to this for dragging / dredging the pond bottom. The layer of dead leaves, pine needles and and sticks is alarmingly thick.
I think I could use a rope and toss it out, then drag it back with some help from my ATV. I would really like to speed up the organic material removal or decomposition.

Back in the day my grandpa rigged up two garden bow rake heads on a rope so no matter how it landed it would always have teeth down and grab. Cut the entire handle off and weld or clamp them back to back.

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I've been looking for a couple of cheap landscape rakes to do the same with but with a bigger bite.
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Well, my almighty smart brother called to fill me in on your crawdad. First he told me he is no crawdad expert. So he said it looks like a crawdad. Then he said let your bass eat it and get big and fat.

Good to see he is as useless after the PHD as he was when he was still wetting his pants.
 
Thinking about attempting to build something similar to this for dragging / dredging the pond bottom. The layer of dead leaves, pine needles and and sticks is alarmingly thick.
I think I could use a rope and toss it out, then drag it back with some help from my ATV. I would really like to speed up the organic material removal or decomposition.


https://www.thepondguy.com/product/jenlis-weed-raker
View attachment 56104 View attachment 56104
Have you checked this site out?

https://weedrazers.com/

I have no experience with them, just seen their ads in magazines.
 
If you do get organic muck/leaves/etc out of the bottom of your pond, it makes an excellent addition to your garden or compost pile. If it is still largely not decomposed, you can use it for mulch. My mom used to do that with stuff we dragged out of the pond. It had the added benefit of still having a lot of water in it, which helped water the plants during some drought summers.
 
Checked feeder yesterday after being out of town for 9 days.
"Jam" blinking on the display. I suspect it only fed one or two days.
I did not intervene, but waited to see if it would still feed...no bueno.
Blinking jam apparently is a fatal error status vs the steadily displayed "jam" which it will ignore.
The 12VDC power supply was active, plenty of amps available to motors and timer brain.

I then moved the selector to test mode and it fed just fine.
WTH???

So frustrating!!

I suspect there is a potentiometer in the timer module that is overly sensitive to amperage draw (false jam.)
Perhaps it's a temperature based sensor.
The low $ sensors sometimes measure temp vs draw.
If the timer module is already hot due to outside temps, it may fault out easier.

Next step is to bypass the timer with a simple timer relay. Much simpler.
Just put power on the motors (in sequence) for x seconds per day.
I think a cheap China PLC and two replays will do it.

Anyone have any timer relays or a PLC kicking around?
 
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Is sounds counterproductive, but you might be able to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter on the bottom by injecting CO2. It sounds like you have plenty of nutrients and sunlight, so CO2 is the limiting factor for algae growth. Encourage the algae bloom and harvest the stuff to eliminate excess nutrients from the system. Combined with your other circulation efforts you should be able to clean it up without the trouble of raking the bottom.

If you feel industrious I expect that a few hydroponic beds with fast growing plants, maybe kudzu, would strip nutrients in a big hurry. Kudzu has its own risks, so I wouldn’t recommend it although the roots apparently make an outstanding tofu if you’re into that sort of thing.
 
Is sounds counterproductive, but you might be able to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter on the bottom by injecting CO2. It sounds like you have plenty of nutrients and sunlight, so CO2 is the limiting factor for algae growth. Encourage the algae bloom and harvest the stuff to eliminate excess nutrients from the system. Combined with your other circulation efforts you should be able to clean it up without the trouble of raking the bottom.

If you feel industrious I expect that a few hydroponic beds with fast growing plants, maybe kudzu, would strip nutrients in a big hurry. Kudzu has its own risks, so I wouldn’t recommend it although the roots apparently make an outstanding tofu if you’re into that sort of thing.

Your thinking is spot on, floating water gardens (made from old tires) is a common method used to reduce phosphorus in Missouri.
I could also use a product called Phos-lock.

The visability is only 8-9" so sunlight is at a premium. This pond has never had an "plankton bloom."

Visability is getting better each week so this may be the year it blooms.

I'm hoping the decomposition of organics, sunlight penetration, dissolved oxygen & favorable water chemistry (PH) will allow a bloom.

Adding fertilizer with a high phosphorus content is a common method to induce a bloom. However, all other conditions must favor it, or it's wasted $.

I think feeding heavily is about all I dare do at this point, nitrogen wise.

Thirty years of non decomposed organics can be a run away train once it gets percolating. I'm gonna play it safe this year.

Typically, a non blooming pond has one or more limiting factors. Ph, alkalinity, temp and sunlight are common ones.
It can be dangerous though, because once the limiting factor is removed, it can bloom out of control.
A mass die off of plankton can pull all the oxygen from the water, resulting in mass die off of fish.

Just to make it clear, plankton is what the just born fry eat. No plankton= starved newborn fish.
I see small schools of tiny newborn fish in the shallows. I don't expect them to survive due to the lack of plankton, plus a huge population of stunted bluegill who are a cross between a piranha and a coyote.

On the plus side, the catfish are putting on weight and may be large enough by end of summer to eat bluegill. I feed them heavily. The intent is to get them 24" +/-
Then stop feeding so they eat bluegill or starve. The gravy train won't last forever!


My Largemouth bass need some help.
 
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Have you put a water sample under a microscope? I’d be surprised if you don’t have enough microorganisms to keep the fry alive, but predation will get most of them if you don’t have a grassy area that provides a lot of cover. If you haven’t seen the bass spawning then these are likely blue gill, so best they get eaten anyway.
 
Have you put a water sample under a microscope? I’d be surprised if you don’t have enough microorganisms to keep the fry alive, but predation will get most of them if you don’t have a grassy area that provides a lot of cover. If you haven’t seen the bass spawning then these are likely blue gill, so best they get eaten anyway.

My thoughts exactly.
The pond size really isn't ideal to have bluegill as the primary forage since they reproduce so quickly.
Building a layer of heavy predation is my current focus. Water clarity plays a big part in that, so I'm excited to see it clearing up.

The cats, bass, crappie and shellcracker that I stocked this spring are doing a great job hiding. I have not seen any sign of them. I stocked them heavier than needed to account for some predation.

Seems liked the crappie and shellcracker would school with the bluegill, but they dont.
Same thing happened with the Spring 2017 stocking. Just when I was convinced they were all turtle shit...they showed up.
I'm hoping for a repeat. If that does happen, I may be needing to encourage bluegill spawning! I stocked 75 largemouth!
 
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If you need help you could always call your local county Ag office and ask a Ag agent to come over for suggestions on how to improve.
 
New pond management stragity...learned from pondboss.com.

To help manage sunfish population in a pond with young bass or small numbers of predators:

Catch tiny bluegill/sunfish (appropriate size prey for the bass/cat size)
cut off tail and throw back in. Wounded bluegill are easy pickings. It feeds the bass/cats and conditions them if they were raised on pellets.
I have a heavy population of stunted bluegill and green sunfish so this may be the ticket to help the bass keep them in check.
I can also cull the larger female bluegill. 2-3 Large females will lay plenty of eggs for a pond the size of mine.
 
Introduced nine tilapia to the pond yesterday after work. Six were 1.25lb and three were small quater pounders.
$15 total investment. Local farm sells them by the pound.

They will eat duckweed and just look cool.
They are non-tactical as hell.
Bright silver and orange.
I bet they don't last long. Herons, turtles and all manner of critters are gonna stalk them in the shallows.

It took about an hour to acclimate them to the pond water/temp but they were swimming happily when I left.
They won't survive past 50 degrees, so I don't expect them to winter over.

On a side note, if you shoot a snapping turtle in the head with a 75gr 5.56 handload, it sinks. (That's the good news)

Bad news is it comes back in a few days. The smell of a rotting snapping turtle is hard to explain. It's unforgettable.

According to this article, Talapia is an ideal choice for creating forage in bass ponds in the Southeast where winter temps control thier propensity to overpopulate.
They breed like crazy and as the temps lower, they get slow. Perfect easy meal for bass to fatten up for the long winter of minimal feeding.
Common theme is they rarely die of cold temps. They get slow and become easy prey to the local population of welfare coons/birds/turtles etc.

http://sepond.com/fish-stocking/tilapia
 
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I hope to have property with a pond someday. This thread is great for filing info away for later. Thank you for keeping us posted.
 
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