Enfield
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It is made for ammunition that approximates 7.62 NATO. It isn't up to handling hot loadings. Anything hotter than NATO will cause the receiver to stretch and eventually crack at the charger guide.
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7 62 ball by WW, Federal, etc or equivalent. Nothing over 150 gr.
ronn47
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georgel
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The ishapore rifles were chambered specifically for 7.62x51 and have better metallurgy. While others were conversions, which may be weaker. Being an older rifle, I'd only shoot surplus in it, unless you handload.
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georgel
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I find it similar to the old +P in non +P gun issue. It may not have an immediate catastrophic failure, but weakens and wears the parts. Depends on the specific gun and the specific ammo.
FourSpeed426
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From what I've heard the "jungle carbine" in 7.62 nato were commercial cut down conversions of the ishapore enfields in 7.62x51.
I have only shot 7.62x51 in my 2a1. As for shooting 308 through it I ask myself "why?", I'll save my 308 for other applications and have (or would just buy some) 7.62x51 for the 2a1
You are correct on all points. Navy Arms was the modifier.
According to a retired REME armourer who worked on Enfields in service there was no difference in the metallurgy between an Indian SMLE and a 2A/2A1. So yes, caution should be used in picking ammunition. As said nothing hot.
Enfields in general have sloppy chambers and larger headspace. If you do shoot .308, I would recommend staying away from anything steel cased and limit the loads to the lighter 150gr stuff. I know the cheap Tula stuff is tempting but try to avoid it. My 2A shows definite stretching on the brass near the base after firing. Steel cases have a much higher chance of head separation because steel is not as malleable as brass.